MANAGMENT STYLES

	JAPAN	KOREA	COLOMBIA
Strategic goals	· They focused more on market share	· Emphasize on market share and profit maximization. -Scale based cost reduction	· Emphasize on profit maximization
Environment analysis	· Large firms are active on the environmental analysis of substitute goods and service suppliers.(potential threats)	· Large firms are less active about the environmental analysis than Japanese ones. Focus more on monitoring the rivals (oligopolistic).	· Focus more on monitoring the rivals.
Closeness with customer	· Emphasize information exchange with customer	· Managers don`t highlight to much information exchange with customer · But highly internationalized firms are as closed to the customer as Japanese ones.	· They don’t emphasize to much on the information exchange with customer.
Marketing	Large firms · Managers emphasize more on those aspects. Internationalized firms · Is similar the develop of corporate brands/trade mark	Large firms · Emphasize on development of corporate brands/ trade mark Internationalized firms · Is similar the develop of corporate brands/trade mark of Japanese firms	· They usually don’t invest to much in market research, they tend to use “ensayo, error” (empiric)
Human resource management	Growth/internationalized firms · Information sharing with the organization and corporate values · Group oriented	Growth/internationalized* firms · Information sharing with the organization and corporate values · Hierarchy oriented.	· Hierarchy oriented.
International Orientation	For the large/ internationalized firms · The same as the large/internationalized firms from Korea	For the large/ internationalized firms · Conduct customer analysis globally · High involvement in the direct international marketing	· They are aware of international markets but they try to focus more on the local area.
· Supplier relationship	Large and internationalized firms · Cooperative supplier relationship is very important; its one of their competitive advantages	Large and internationalized firms · Try to do the same as Japan with suppliers but in terms of new product development and longterm relationship with them.	· Weak the relationship with suppliers (be afraid of sharing information, but the managers are doing efforts to create stronger relations with their suppliers.
Technology development and manufacturing	· The same issues tend to converge between japanese and korean internationalized frims · Emphasize on flexible manufacturing	Internationalized firms · Long term technology, use of economies of scale in manufacturing are very important · Managers less emphasize on flexible manufacturing	· Less flexibility because of the lack of high technology